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• The Exercise Motivations Inventory and Exercise Motives and Gains Inventory (EMI)
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• The Perceived Environmental Supportiveness Scale (PESS)
  • PESS downloads
• The Exercise Causality Orientations Scale (ECOS)
  • ECOS psychometrics
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• The Locus of Causality for Exercise Scale (LCES)
  • LCE references
  • LCE downloads
• The Goal Orientations in Exercise Scale (GOEM)
  • GOEM downloads
• The Self-Determination Theory Website

BREQ - References

Here are references for papers from our own lab. For access to BREQ-2 or BREQ papers published by researchers in other institutions, click the Google Scholar links.

Ingledew, D.K. & Markland, D. (2008). The role of motives in exercise participation. Psychology and Health, 23, 807-828. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Ingledew, D.K., Markland, D., & Ferguson, E. (2009). Three levels of exercise motivation. Applied Psychology: Health and Wellbeing, 1, 336-355. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Ingledew, D.K., Markland, D., & Sheppard, K.E. (2004). Personality and self-determination of exercise behaviour. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 1921-1932. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Markland, D. (2009). The mediating role of behavioural regulations in the relationship between perceived body size discrepancies and physical activity among adult women. Hellenic Journal of Psychology, 6, 169-182. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Markland, D. & Ingledew, D.K. The relationships between body mass and body image and relative autonomy for exercise among adolescent males and females. (2007). Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8, 836-853. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Markland, D. & Tobin, V. (2004). A modification of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire to include an assessment of amotivation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 26, 191-196. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Markland, D. & Tobin, V.J. (2010). Need support and behavioural regulations for exercise among exercise referral scheme clients: The mediating role of psychological need satisfaction. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 11, 91-99. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Moustaka, F.C., Vlachopoulos, S.P., Vazou, S., Kaperoni, M., & Markland, D. (2010). Initial validity evidence for the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire – 2 among Greek exercise participants, European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26, 269-276.abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Mullan, E. & Markland, D. (1997). Variations in self-determination across the stages of change for exercise in adults. Motivation and Emotion, 21, 349-362. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Mullan, E., Markland, D., & Ingledew, D.K. (1997). A graded conceptualisation of self-determination in the regulation of exercise behaviour: Development of a measure using confirmatory factor analytic procedures. Personality and Individual Differences, 23, 745-752. abstract full text (pdf) For personal use only

Palmeira, A., Teixeira, P. Silva, M. & Markland, D. (2007). Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire - Portuguese Version. Paper presented at the 12th European Congress of Sport Psychology, Halkidiki, Greece, 4-9 September, 2007. abstract

Pearson. E, Hall, C., Rodgers, W., Wilson, D., & Markland,D. The influence of body weight information and body composition information on exercise motivation in overweight female exercise initiates. Hellenic Journal of Psychology, 11, 111-122.

Wilson, P.M., Rodgers, W.M., Loitz, C.C., & Scime, G. (2006). “It’s who I am…really!” The importance of integrated regulation in exercise contexts. Journal of Biobehavioral Research, 11, 79-104. full text (pdf) For personal use only