Exercise Motivation Measurement
Welcome to my exercise motivation measurement website. Over a number of years we have developed and validated or adapted several instruments for measuring aspects of motivation from the perspective of Deci and Ryan's (1985) self-determination theory (SDT). These pages give information on the instruments and the facility to download them. You are welcome to use any of these measures in your own research.
The Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ) measures different forms of motivation for exercise based on Deci and Ryan's (1985, 1991) continuum conception of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.
The Exercise Motivations Inventory-2 (EMI-2) is a measure of participation motives or reasons for exercising. The Exercise Motives and Gains Inventory (EMGI) is a recent development that complements the EMI-2 to provide scales assessing perceived gains from exercise that correspond to the EMI-2 scales.
The Perceived Environmental Supportiveness Scale measures perceptions of the extent to which exercise professionals provide individuals with support for their psychological needs (i.e., autonomy support, structure and involvement).
The Exercise Causality Orientations Scale (ECOS) measures individual differences in the tendency to be autonomous, controlled or amotivated in exercise contexts and is derived from Deci and Ryan's Causality Orientations Theory.
The Locus of Causality for Exercise Scale is a short measure of the degree to which individuals feel self-determined with respect to exercise.
Finally, although it is derived from a different theoretical perspective than SDT, we include here a measure of task and ego goal orientations for exercise contexts, the Goal Orientations in Exercise Measure.
The instruments are available for downloading as either .pdf files or MS Word documents.
On obtaining permission to use the scales
This is simple. If you are using the scales for research purposes you do not have to ask for permission! You are free to use the scales, adapt them, translate them or do whatever you like with them, provided, of course, that any publications that ensue include appropriate citations to their source. Students are also free to use the scales for projects, assignments and so on without having to ask for permisssion. If you translate any of the scales into other language versions I would be pleased upload them to this site for others to use. If you want to do this, please send me the translated scales, scoring information and any relevant references.